Five Easy Pieces: The Dynamics of Quarks in Strongly Coupled Plasmas

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamics of quarks in strongly coupled plasmas using a modified gravity dual, revealing corrections to drag, wake formation, and viscosity bounds, and exploring holographic renormalization and UV completions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel gravity dual with a deformed conifold geometry to analyze quark dynamics, viscosity, and holographic renormalization in strongly coupled plasmas.

Findings

Drag receives log T corrections compared to AdS/QCD.

The wake produced by quark strings matches AdS/QCD results.

Higher curvature corrections may violate the entropy-viscosity bound.

Abstract

We revisit the analysis of the drag a massive quark experiences and the wake it creates at a temperature T while moving through a plasma using a gravity dual that captures the renormalisation group runnings in the dual gauge theory. Our gravity dual has a black hole and seven branes embedded via Ouyang embedding, but the geometry is a deformation of the usual conifold metric. In particular the gravity dual has squashed two spheres, and a small resolution at the IR. Using this background we show that the drag of a massive quark receives corrections that are proportional to powers of log T when compared with the drag computed using AdS/QCD correspondence. We use the perturbation produced by the quark strings to compute the wake and compare with the results obtained using AdS/QCD correspondence. We also study the shear viscosity with running couplings, analyze the viscosity to entropy ratio and compare the result with the known bound. In the presence of higher order curvature square corrections from the back-reactions of the embedded D7 branes, we argue the possibility of the entropy to viscosity bound being violated. Finally, we show that our set-up could in-principle allow us to study a family of gauge theories at the boundary by cutting off the dual geometry respectively at various points in the radial direction. All these gauge theories can have well defined UV completions, and more interestingly, we demonstrate that any thermodynamical quantities derived from these theories would be completely independent of the cut-off scale and only depend on the temperature at which we define these theories. Such a result would justify the holographic renormalisabilities of these theories which we, in turn, also demonstrate. We give physical interpretations of these results and compare them with more realistic scenarios.