Internal stress as a link between macroscale and mesoscale mechanics

TL;DR

This paper explores internal residual stress as a crucial link between macroscale and mesoscale mechanics, demonstrating how it can be created, observed, and its role in memory effects in systems far from equilibrium.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of internal stress as a bridge between different scales and discusses its operational aspects and implications for system memory.

Findings

Internal stress can be created and observed through macroscopic operations.

Memory effects are linked to the relaxation of internal stress.

Internal stress provides insights into systems far from equilibrium.

Abstract

The internal (or residual) stress is among the key notions to describe the state of the systems far from equilibrium. Such stress is invisible on the macroscopic scale where the system is regarded as a blackbox. Yet nonequilibrium macroscopic operations allow to create and observe the internal stress. We present in this lecture some examples of the internal stress and its operations. We describe the memory effect in some detail, the process in which the history of past operations is recalled through the relaxation of internal stress.