A dynamical collective calculation of supernova neutrino signals

TL;DR

This paper models supernova neutrino signals considering three-flavor collective effects and shock wave interactions, revealing specific signatures for inverted hierarchy and large mixing angles that can be detected with current observatories.

Contribution

First to incorporate three-flavor collective and shock wave effects in supernova neutrino propagation using hydro profiles and S matrix formalism, predicting observable signatures.

Findings

Distinct lower-energy positron deficit for inverted hierarchy

Detectable signatures with current neutrino detectors

Insights into original neutrino fluxes from signal features

Abstract

We present the first calculations with three flavors of collective and shock wave effects for neutrino propagation in core-collapse supernovae using hydroynamical density profiles and the S matrix formalism. We explore the interplay between the neutrino-neutrino interaction and the effects of multiple resonances upon the time signal of positrons in supernova observatories. A specific signature is found for the inverted hierarchy and a large third neutrino mixing angle and we predict, in this case, a dearth of lower energy positrons in Cherenkov detectors midway through the neutrino signal and the simultaneous revelation of valuable information about the original fluxes. We show that this feature is also observable with current generation neutrino detectors at the level of several sigmas.