Extended General Relativity: large-scale antigravity and short-scale gravity with \omega=-1 from five dimensional vacuum

TL;DR

This paper proposes a five-dimensional vacuum spacetime model that reproduces standard gravity on small scales and exhibits antigravity on large scales, potentially unifying dark energy, dark matter, and ordinary matter.

Contribution

It introduces a 5D Ricci-flat metric framework that yields an effective 4D metric with scale-dependent gravity, including antigravity at cosmological scales, unifying dark phenomena.

Findings

Standard gravity on planetary scales

Repulsive antigravity at cosmological scales

Application to solar system and large-scale structures

Abstract

Considering a five-dimensional (5D) Riemannian spacetime with a particular stationary Ricci-flat metric, we obtain in the framework of the induced matter theory an effective 4D static and spherically symmetric metric which give us ordinary gravitatory solutions on small (planetary and astrophysical) scales, but repulsive (antigravity) forces on very large (cosmological) scales with \omega = -1. Our approach is an unified manner to describe dark energy, dark matter and ordinary matter. We illustrate the theory with two examples, the solar system and the great attractor. From the geometrical point of view, these results follow from the assumption that exists a confining force that make possible that test particles move on a given 4D hypersurface.