Three component fermion pairing in two dimensions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the pairing mechanisms and phase transitions in a two-dimensional three-component Fermi gas, revealing complex superfluid phases and both thermal and quantum phase transitions through mean field analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a mean field framework to analyze three-component Fermi pairing in 2D, uncovering multiple superfluid phases and phase transition behaviors.

Findings

Identification of s-wave pairing dependence on chemical potentials and interactions

Discovery of second order thermal phase transition

Observation of first order quantum phase transitions and re-entrant behavior

Abstract

We study pairing of an interacting three component Fermi gas in two dimensions. By using a mean field theory to decouple the interactions between different pairs of Fermi components, we study the free energy landscapes as a function of various system parameters including chemical potentials, binding energies, and temperature. We find that the s-wave pairing channel is determined by both chemical potentials and the interaction strengths between the three available channels. We find a second order thermal phase transition and a series of first order quantum phase transitions for a homogenous system as we change the parameters. In particular, for symmetric parameters, we find the simultaneous existence of three superfluid orders as well as re-entrant quantum phase transitions as we tune the parameters.