From Decay to Complete Breaking: Pulling the Strings in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of various string types in (2+1)-dimensional SU(2) Yang-Mills theory, revealing how strings decay or break depending on their length and the charges involved, supported by a gluon model.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of string decay and breaking phenomena in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory, including a phenomenological gluon model for energy description.

Findings

Fundamental {2}-string is unbreakable.

Adjoint {3}-string can break.

Higher {4} and {5}-strings decay into lower strings or break completely.

Abstract

We study {2Q+1}-strings connecting two static charges Q in (2+1)-d SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. While the fundamental {2}-string between two charges Q = 1/2 is unbreakable, the adjoint {3}-string connecting two charges Q = 1 can break. When a {4}-string is stretched beyond a critical length, it decays into a {2}-string by gluon pair creation. When a {5}-string is stretched, it first decays into a {3}-string, which eventually breaks completely. The energy of the screened charges at the ends of a string is well described by a phenomenological constituent gluon model.