Effect of the dynamical phases on the nonlinear amplitudes' evolution

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the evolution of nonlinear resonant triads is significantly influenced by the dynamical phases of modes, revealing effects on energy exchange periods and variability, with implications for plasma physics and experiments.

Contribution

It demonstrates the substantial impact of dynamical phases on the nonlinear evolution of resonant triads and clusters, highlighting effects previously overlooked in the dynamics.

Findings

Dynamical phases reduce energy exchange period by over 20%.

Dynamical phases decrease energy variability by over 25%.

A new longer time scale T emerges, showing periodic energy exchange.

Abstract

In this Letter we show how the nonlinear evolution of a resonant triad depends on the special combination of the modes' phases chosen according to the resonance conditions. This phase combination is called dynamical phase. Its evolution is studied for two integrable cases: a triad and a cluster formed by two connected triads, using a numerical method which is fully validated by monitoring the conserved quantities known analytically. We show that dynamical phases, usually regarded as equal to zero or constants, play a substantial role in the dynamics of the clusters. Indeed, some effects are (i) to diminish the period of energy exchange $\tau$ within a cluster by 20$%$ and more; (ii) to diminish, at time scale $\tau$, the variability of wave energies by 25$%$ and more; (iii) to generate a new time scale, $T >> \tau$, in which we observe considerable energy exchange within a cluster, as well as a periodic behaviour (with period $T$) in the variability of modes' energies. These findings can be applied, for example, to the control of energy input, exchange and output in Tokamaks; for explanation of some experimental results; to guide and improve the performance of experiments; to interpret the results of numerical simulations, etc.