The climate version of the Eta regional forecast model. 2.Evaluation of the Eta CCS model performance against reanalysis data and surface observations

TL;DR

This study evaluates the climate version of the Eta regional forecast model over South America, comparing its outputs with reanalysis and observational data, and finds it reproduces main patterns but underestimates precipitation in convective regions.

Contribution

The paper presents an assessment of the Eta CCS model's performance against reanalysis and observations, demonstrating its potential for downscaling climate data over South America.

Findings

Eta model reproduces main precipitation patterns

Precipitation magnitude is underestimated in convective regions

Model captures observed temperature cycles reasonably well

Abstract

The climate version Eta CCS, prepared from the NCEP Eta forecast model, was integrated over South America for the period from January 1979 to December 1983. The model was driven by the two sets of boundary conditions derived from the reanalysis and outputs of HadAM3P atmospheric global model. The mean output fields of precipitation, precipitation frequency, and near surface air temperature, simulated by the Eta model, were compared with the observational data of the CRU and GPCP projects. This comparison shows that the Eta model reproduces well the main patterns of the summer and winter observed precipitation fields over South America. But the magnitude of precipitation is underestimated by the ETA CCS model in the regions of strong convection activity in summer. This underestimation of observed precipitation is larger for the Eta model driven by HadAM3P than by the reanalysis. The observed number of wet days is overestimated by HadAM3P. The number of wet days in both runs of the Eta model is closer to observations. The main summer and winter patterns of near surface air temperature are reproduced well by both HadAM3P and the Eta model. The Eta model overestimates the observed surface temperature over the central part of the continent due to the lack of convective cloudiness in this region. The Eta model captures observed annual cycle of precipitation in six selected regions over South America. On the whole, these results support the conclusion that the Eta model with some improvements can be used for downscaling of the HadAM3P output fields.