The flat oxygen abundance gradient in the extended disk of M83

TL;DR

This study reveals that the outer disk of galaxy M83 has a flat oxygen abundance gradient, with nearly constant metallicity levels, contrasting the declining gradient observed inward, suggesting unique chemical evolution processes in the galaxy's outskirts.

Contribution

First deep spectroscopic analysis of outer disk HII regions in M83 showing a flattened oxygen abundance gradient beyond the optical edge.

Findings

Outer disk oxygen abundance is nearly constant at 12+log(O/H)=8.2 to 8.6.

Radial gradient flattens beyond the optical edge of the galaxy.

Discontinuity in oxygen abundance near the galaxy's optical boundary.

Abstract

We have obtained deep multi-object optical spectra of 49 HII regions in the outer disk of the spiral galaxy M83 (=NGC 5236) with the FORS2 spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope. The targets span the range in galactocentric distance between 0.64 and 2.64 times the R25 isophotal radius (5.4-22.3 kpc), and 31 of them are located at R>R25, thus belonging to the extreme outer disk of the galaxy, populated by UV complexes revealed recently by the GALEX satellite. In order to derive the nebular chemical abundances, we apply several diagnostics of the oxygen abundance, including R23, [NII]/[OII] and the [OIII]4363 auroral line, which was detected in four HII regions. We find that, while inwards of the optical edge the O/H ratio follows the radial gradient known from previous investigations, the outer abundance trend flattens out to an approximately constant value. The latter varies, according to the adopted diagnostic, between 12+log(O/H)=8.2 and 12+log(O/H)=8.6 (i.e. from approximately 1/3 the solar oxygen abundance to nearly the solar value). An abrupt discontinuity in the radial oxygen abundance trend is also detected near the optical edge of the disk. These results are tentatively linked to the flat gas surface density in the outskirts of the galaxy, the relatively unevolved state of the extended disk of M83, and the redistribution of chemically enriched gas following a past galaxy encounter.