Sensitivity to neutrino mixing parameters with atmospheric neutrinos

TL;DR

This study analyzes atmospheric neutrino data using the ICAL detector to measure neutrino oscillation parameters, achieving significant precision in $ heta_{13}$, $ heta_{23}$, and $ ext{Δ}m_{32}^2$, and exploring octant discrimination.

Contribution

The paper introduces a detailed analysis method for atmospheric neutrinos with the ICAL detector, including new binning techniques and resolution functions, to improve measurement precision of oscillation parameters.

Findings

$ heta_{13}$ can be measured with significant precision.

$ ext{Δ}m_{32}^2$ and $ heta_{23}$ are measured with 8% and 38% accuracy.

Octant discrimination and deviation from maximal mixing are feasible.

Abstract

We have analyzed the atmospheric neutrino data to study the octant of $\theta_{23}$ and the precision of the oscillation parameters for a large Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector. The ICAL being a tracking detector has the ability to measure the energy and the direction of the muon with high resolution. From bending of the track in magnetic field it can also distinguish its charge. We have generated events by Nuance and then considered only the muons (directly measurable quantities) produced in charge current interactions in our analysis. This encounters the main problem of wide resolutions of energy and baseline. The energy-angle correlated two dimensional resolution functions are used to migrate the energy and the zenith angle of the neutrino to those of the muon. A new type of binning has been introduced to get better reflection of the oscillation pattern in chi-square analysis. Then the marginalization of the $\chi^2$ over all parameters has been carried out for neutrinos and anti-neutrinos separately. We find that the measurement of $\theta_{13}$ is possible at a significant precision with atmospheric neutrinos. The precisions of $\Delta m_{32}^2$ and $\sin^2\theta_{23}$ are found $\sim$ 8% and 38%, respectively, at 90% CL. The discrimination of the octant as well as the deviation from maximal mixing of atmospheric neutrinos are also possible for some combinations of ($\theta_{23}, ~\theta_{13}$). We also discuss the impact of the events at near horizon on the precision studies.