Internally Electrodynamic Particle Model: Its Experimental Basis and Its Predictions

TL;DR

This paper presents the internally electrodynamic (IED) particle model, derived from experimental facts, which predicts fundamental quantum and gravitational equations, and is supported by a critical review of key experiments.

Contribution

The IED model offers a unified derivation of fundamental particle equations and properties from first principles based on experimental facts, including predictions of the Doebner-Goldin equation.

Findings

Derivation of de Broglie relations and Schrödinger equation from IED principles

Prediction of the Doebner-Goldin equation incorporating gravity

Experimental validation of key particle equations and properties

Abstract

The internally electrodynamic (IED) particle model was derived based on overall experimental observations, with the IED process itself being built directly on three experimental facts, a) electric charges present with all material particles, b) an accelerated charge generates electromagnetic waves according to Maxwell's equations and Planck energy equation and c) source motion produces Doppler effect. A set of well-known basic particle equations and properties become predictable based on first principles solutions for the IED process; several key solutions achieved are outlined, including the de Broglie phase wave, de Broglie relations, Schr\"odinger equation, mass, Einstein mass-energy relation, Newton's law of gravity, single particle self interference, and electromagnetic radiation and absorption; these equations and properties have long been broadly experimentally validated or demonstrated. A specific solution also predicts the Doebner-Goldin equation which emerges to represent a form of long-sought quantum wave equation including gravity. A critical review of the key experiments is given which suggests that the IED process underlies the basic particle equations and properties not just sufficiently but also necessarily.