Unified Statistical Description of Quasithermodynamic Systems in and out of Equilibrium

TL;DR

This paper introduces a unified statistical framework for describing broad classes of dynamic systems with energy conservation and entropy increase, applicable in and out of equilibrium, and derives relations for non-equilibrium stationary states.

Contribution

It develops a novel method for the statistical description of systems governed by energy and entropy functions, extending thermodynamic principles to non-equilibrium stationary states.

Findings

Behavior in equilibrium aligns with thermodynamic laws.

Derived relations for mean values in non-equilibrium stationary states.

Method allows comparison with experimental data.

Abstract

We propose the method of statistical description of broad class of dynamic systems (DS) whose equations of motion are determined by two state depending functions: 1) "energy" - the quantity which conserves in time and 2) "entropy" - the quantity which does not decrease in time. It is demonstrated that the behavior of such systems in the equilibrium state reduces to the thermodynamic lows in particular the Le Chatelier principle is satisfed and so on. Taking into account the interaction system of interest with ergometer - the device which continuously measures its energy one can possible to find the system distribution function in arbitrary non-equilibrium stationary state (NESS). Some general relations for mean values of certain quantities in NESS which can be compared with experimental data are obtained.