Statistical effect in the parton distribution functions of the nucleon

TL;DR

This paper introduces a straightforward statistical method to calculate nucleon parton distribution functions using light-front variables, achieving better agreement with experimental data, especially at low x, without arbitrary parameters.

Contribution

It presents a novel, parameter-free statistical approach for deriving nucleon PDFs in the light-front framework, improving upon previous models.

Findings

Analytic x-dependent PDFs obtained across the entire x range.

Enhanced agreement with experimental data at low-x.

Discussion of heavy-flavored PDFs included.

Abstract

A new and simple statistical approach is performed to calculate the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon in terms of light-front kinematic variables. We do not put in any extra arbitrary parameter or corrected term by hand, which guarantees the stringency of our approach. Analytic expressions of the $x$-dependent PDFs are obtained in the whole $x$ region [0,1], and some features, especially the low-$x$ rise, are more agreeable with experimental data than those in some previous instant-form statistical models in the infinite-momentum frame (IMF). Discussions on heavy-flavored PDFs are also presented.