Dark Energy Accretion onto a Black Hole in an Expanding Universe

TL;DR

This paper investigates how dark energy, especially phantom energy, affects black hole mass evolution in an expanding universe, revealing that black holes can evaporate completely before a Big Rip occurs.

Contribution

It derives an evolving black hole mass equation within a cosmological setting and shows the mass diminishes to zero in phantom energy scenarios.

Findings

Black hole mass decreases over time in an expanding universe.

In phantom dark energy, black holes vanish before the Big Rip.

The mass evolution depends on cosmological parameters.

Abstract

By using the solution describing a black hole embedded in the FLRW universe, we obtain the evolving equation of the black hole mass expressed in terms of the cosmological parameters. The evolving equation indicates that in the phantom dark energy universe the black hole mass becomes zero before the Big Rip is reached.