Energy reconstruction of electromagnetic showers from $\pi^0$ decays with the ICARUS T600 Liquid Argon TPC

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the ICARUS T600 Liquid Argon TPC's capability to reconstruct electromagnetic showers from $0$ decays, achieving improved $0$ mass resolution through refined analysis methods validated by Monte Carlo simulations.

Contribution

It introduces new methods for electromagnetic shower energy and direction reconstruction in the ICARUS T600 detector, with enhanced $0$ mass resolution and validation via simulations.

Findings

Reconstructed $0$ mass consistent with known value.

Achieved $0$ mass resolution of 16.1% after improved analysis.

Monte Carlo simulations confirmed the validity of reconstruction methods.

Abstract

We discuss the ICARUS T600 detector capabilities in electromagnetic shower reconstruction through the analysis of a sample of 212 events, coming from the 2001 Pavia surface test run, of hadronic interactions leading to the production of $\pi^{0}$ mesons. Methods of shower energy and shower direction measurements were developed and the invariant mass of the photon pairs was reconstructed. The ($\gamma$,$\gamma$) invariant mass was found to be consistent with the value of the $\pi^0$ mass. The resolution of the reconstructed $\pi^0$ mass was found to be equal to 27.3%. An improved analysis, carried out in order to clean the full event sample from the events measured in the crowded environment, mostly due to the trigger conditions, gave a $\pi^0$ mass resolution of 16.1%, significantly better than the one evaluated for the full event sample. The trigger requirement of the coincidence of at least four photomultiplier signals favored the selection of events with a strong pile up of cosmic ray tracks and interactions. Hence a number of candidate $\pi^0$ events were heavily contaminated by other tracks and had to be rejected. Monte Carlo simulations of events with $\pi^0$ production in hadronic and neutrino interactions confirmed the validity of the shower energy and shower direction reconstruction methods applied to the real data.