The Influence of Free Quintessence on Gravitational Frequency Shift and Deflection of Light with 4D momentum

TL;DR

This paper investigates how quintessence affects gravitational frequency shifts and light deflection in a modified Schwarzschild space, revealing dependencies on the quintessence state parameter and providing observational constraints.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of quintessence's influence on light behavior using 4D momentum and derives constraints from solar system experiments.

Findings

Photon frequency varies with the quintessence state parameter.

Light deflection is highly sensitive to the quintessence parameter.

Constraints on quintessence in the Solar system are established.

Abstract

Based on the 4D momentum, the influence of quintessence on the gravitational frequency shift and the deflection of light are examined in modified Schwarzschild space. We find that the frequency of photon depends on the state parameter of quintessence $w_q$: the frequency increases for $-1<w_q<-1/3$ and decreases for $-1/3<w_q<0$. Meanwhile, we adopt an integral power number $a$ ($a = 3\omega_q + 2$) to solve the orbital equation of photon. The photon's potentials become higher with the decrease of $\omega_q$. The behavior of bending light depends on the state parameter $\omega_q$ sensitively. In particular, for the case of $\omega_q = -1$, there is no influence on the deflection of light by quintessence. Else, according to the H-masers of GP-A redshift experiment and the long-baseline interferometry, the constraints on the quintessence field in Solar system are presented here.