Quantum Trajectory Analysis of the Two-Mode Three-Level Atom Microlaser

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the quantum statistical properties of a two-mode three-level atom microlaser using quantum trajectory simulations, revealing steady states, correlation functions, and effects of atomic velocity spread.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum trajectory approach to study the microlaser's steady state and explores the impact of atomic velocity spread on its quantum properties.

Findings

Existence of steady state without detailed balance.

Derived formula for one-photon trapping state's correlation function.

Atomic velocity spread influences phase transitions and correlation functions.

Abstract

We consider a single atom laser (microlaser) operating on three-level atoms interacting with a two-mode cavity. The quantum statistical properties of the cavity field at steady state are investigated by the quantum trajectory method which is a Monte Carlo simulation applied to open quantum systems. It is found that a steady state solution exists even when the detailed balance condition is not guaranteed. The differences between a single mode microlaser and a two-mode microlaser are highlighted. The second-order correlation function g^2(T) of a single mode is studied and special attention is paid to the one-photon trapping state, for which a simple formula is derived for its correlation function. We show the effects of the velocity spread of the atoms used to pump the microlaser cavity on the second-order correlation function, trapping states, and phase transitions of the cavity field.