The seed of magnetic monopoles in the early inflationary universe from a 5D vacuum state

TL;DR

This paper explores how magnetic monopoles could originate during early universe inflation from a 5D vacuum state, showing that monopole production is negligible and the universe approaches a de Sitter expansion.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach linking 5D vacuum states to monopole generation and analyzes the evolution of the universe's metric during inflation.

Findings

Monopole production is insignificant at the end of inflation.

The tensor metric becomes asymptotically diagonal.

The universe approaches a nearly 4D de Sitter expansion.

Abstract

Starting from a 5D Riemann flat metric, we have induced an effective 4D Hermitian metric which has an antisymmetric part which is purely imaginary. We have worked an example in which both, non-metricity and contorsion are zero. We obtained that the production of monopoles should be insignificant at the end of inflation and the tensor metric should come asymptotically diagonal and describing a nearly 4D de Sitter expansion.