Conservation rules for entanglement transfer between qubits

TL;DR

This paper establishes rules for how entanglement transfers between qubits under local interactions, revealing that the initial entangled state determines whether entanglement is conserved or lost.

Contribution

It derives conservation rules for entanglement transfer between qubits, highlighting the dependence on initial Bell states and the conditions for entanglement loss or conservation.

Findings

Sum of squared concurrences conserved for anti-correlated Bell states.

Complete entanglement loss possible for correlated Bell states.

Simple addition rule for nonlocal bipartitions involving all qubits.

Abstract

We consider an entangled but non-interacting qubit pair a_{1} and b_{1} that are independently coupled to a set of local qubit systems, a_{I} and b_{J}, of 0-bit value, respectively. We derive rules for the transfer of entanglement from the pair a_{1}-b_{1} to an arbitrary pair a_{I}-b_{J}, for the case of qubit-number conserving local interactions. It is shown that the transfer rule depends strongly on the initial entangled state. If the initial entanglement is in the form of the Bell state corresponding to anti-correlated qubits, the sum of the square of the non-local pairwise concurrences is conserved. If the initial state is the Bell state with correlated qubits, this sum can be reduced, even to zero in some cases, to reveal a complete and abrupt loss of all non-local pairwise entanglement. We also identify that for the nonlocal bipartitions A-b_{J} involving all qubits at one location, with one qubit b_{J} at the other location, the concurrences satisfies a simple addition rule for both cases of the Bell states, that the sum of the square of the nonlocal concurrences is conserved.