Electrodynamics at non-zero temperature, chemical potential, and Bose condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of charged scalar bosons and fermions in electrodynamics under conditions of finite temperature, chemical potential, and Bose condensate, focusing on screening, plasma oscillations, and photon dispersion.

Contribution

It introduces the effects of Bose condensate on photon polarization, revealing infrared singularities in the photon polarization operator at first order in electric charge.

Findings

Debye screening length and plasma frequency are calculated.

Photon dispersion relations are derived.

Infrared singularities appear in the photon polarization operator with condensate presence.

Abstract

Electrodynamics of charged scalar bosons and spin 1/2 fermions is studied at non-zero temperature, chemical potentials, and possible Bose condensate of the charged scalars. Debye screening length, plasma frequency, and the photon dispersion relation are calculated. It is found that in presence of the condensate the time-time component of the photon polarization operator in the first order in electric charge squared acquires infrared singular parts proportional to inverse powers of the spatial photon momentum k.