Ferrotoroidic Moment as a Quantum Geometric Phase

TL;DR

This paper introduces a geometric framework using Berry phases to characterize the ferrotoroidic moment, providing a new computational approach applicable to density functional and many-body theories.

Contribution

It presents a novel geometric characterization of the ferrotoroidic moment via Abelian Berry phases and introduces a complex tensor quantity for calculation.

Findings

Defines a geometric approach for ferrotoroidic moment

Introduces a complex tensor quantity for calculations

Provides a computational method for density functional theories

Abstract

We present a geometric characterization of the ferrotoroidic moment in terms of a set of Abelian Berry phases. We also introduce a fundamental complex quantity which provides an alternative way to calculate the ferrotoroidic moment and its moments, and is derived from a second order tensor. This geometric framework defines a natural computational approach for density functional and many-body theories.