Smeared Hairs and Black Holes in Three-Dimensional de Sitter Spacetime

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the existence of three-dimensional de Sitter black hole analogs through non-Gaussian matter hair smearings, revealing novel phase transitions and solutions distinct from traditional black holes.

Contribution

It introduces a new method of constructing de Sitter black hole solutions using ring-type matter hairs, highlighting unique phase transitions and soliton-like behaviors.

Findings

Existence of black hole analogs with non-Gaussian hairs

Large to small black hole transition similar to inverse Hawking-Page transition

Presence of soliton-like, non-perturbative solutions

Abstract

It is known that there is no three-dimensional analog of de Sitter black holes. I show that the analog does exist when non-Gaussian (i.e., ring-type) smearings of point matter hairs are considered. This provides a new way of constructing black hole solutions from hairs. I find that the obtained black hole solutions are quite different from the usual large black holes in that there are i) large to small black hole transitions which may be considered as inverse Hawking-Page transitions and ii) soliton-like (i.e., non-perturbative) behaviors. For Gaussian smearing, there is no black hole but a gravastar solution exists.