Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in two-component electronic liquids

TL;DR

This paper presents a simple model for the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in two-component electronic systems, explaining the origin of giant NEE through the temperature dependence of chemical potential across various materials.

Contribution

It introduces a unified model for NEE in diverse two-component systems, highlighting the role of chemical potential's temperature dependence.

Findings

Derived a general expression for the Nernst constant.

Identified the strong temperature dependence of chemical potential as the cause of giant NEE.

Applied the model to systems like graphite, superconductors, and interstellar plasma.

Abstract

A simple model describing the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect (NEE) in two-component electronic liquids is formulated. The examples considered include graphite, where the normal and Dirac fermions coexist, superconductor in fluctuating regime, with coexisting Cooper pairs and normal electrons, and the inter-stellar plasma of electrons and protons. We give a general expression for the Nernst constant and show that the origin of a giant NEE is in the strong dependence of the chemical potential on temperature in all cases.