Mass Generation from Higgs-like Ghosts

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel mechanism where bosonic ghost fields in supersymmetric gauge theories acquire vacuum expectation values, spontaneously breaking symmetries and generating vector boson masses without hierarchy issues, potentially explaining mass generation without a Higgs boson.

Contribution

It introduces a Higgs-like mass generation mechanism using bosonic ghosts in supersymmetric gauge theories, avoiding traditional hierarchy problems.

Findings

Bosonic ghosts can develop VEVs, breaking gauge symmetry and generating masses.

SU(2/3) gauge theory with ghost VEVs mimics Higgs mechanism without hierarchy issues.

Unitarity requires SU(3) gauge bosons to be confined, aligning with no Higgs detection at LHC.

Abstract

Covariant quantization of gauge theories generally requires the inclusion of Fadeev Popov ghosts in the gauge-fixed Lagrangian. Normally these ghosts have fermionic statistics, but in supersymmetric theories that include fermionic gauge fields, there can also be ghosts with bosonic statistics. Since these ghosts are scalar bosons, they can have vacuum expectation values (VEVs) without violating Lorentz invariance. In particular, for the supersymmetric group SU(2/3), one can choose a gauge with a Higgs-like bosonic ghost potential that is minimized when one of the ghosts develops a VEV. This VEV breaks the SU(2) x U(1) subgroup of SU(2/3) down to U(1) and spontaneously generates vector boson masses, but without the "hierarchy" problems that accompany the Higgs field. SU(2/3) also has an SU(3) subgroup, and unitarity requires that the SU(3) gauge bosons must be confined. Since bosonic ghosts do not exist as particles asymptotically, this kind of theory could be a possible explanation if no Higgs Boson is detected at the LHC.