Determination of the neutron star mass-radii relation using narrow-band gravitational wave detector

TL;DR

This study uses gravitational wave data and empirical models to determine neutron star mass-radius relations, identifying quark stars as prime candidates for detection by resonant mass detectors.

Contribution

It introduces a method to relate gravitational wave frequencies to neutron star radii and compares different star models to identify optimal detection candidates.

Findings

Quark stars in the color-superconductivity phase are the best candidates for detection.

Mass-radius diagrams help identify promising neutron star models for gravitational wave detection.

Empirical equations effectively relate gravitational wave data to neutron star properties.

Abstract

The direct detection of gravitational waves will provide valuable astrophysical information about many celestial objects. The most promising sources of gravitational waves are neutron stars and black holes. These objects emit waves in a very wide spectrum of frequencies determined by their quasi-normal modes oscillations. In this work we are concerned with the information we can extract from f and p$_I$-modes when a candidate leaves its signature in the resonant mass detectors ALLEGRO, EXPLORER, NAUTILUS, MiniGrail and SCHENBERG. Using the empirical equations, that relate the gravitational wave frequency and damping time with the mass and radii of the source, we have calculated the radii of the stars for a given interval of masses $M$ in the range of frequencies that include the bandwidth of all resonant mass detectors. With these values we obtain diagrams of mass-radii for different frequencies that allowed to determine the better candidates to future detection taking in account the compactness of the source. Finally, to determine which are the models of compact stars that emit gravitational waves in the frequency band of the mass resonant detectors, we compare the mass-radii diagrams obtained by different neutron stars sequences from several relativistic hadronic equations of state (GM1, GM3, TM1, NL3) and quark matter equations of state (NJL, MTI bag model). We verify that quark stars obtained from MIT bag model with bag constant equal to 170 MeV and quark of matter in color-superconductivity phase are the best candidates for mass resonant detectors.