Standard Model tests with trapped radioactive atoms

TL;DR

This paper reviews how laser cooling and trapping of radioactive atoms are used to test fundamental predictions of the Standard Model, including electroweak interactions and searches for new physics.

Contribution

It highlights recent experimental techniques with radioactive atoms that improve constraints on non-Standard Model interactions and explore fundamental symmetries.

Findings

Set the best constraints on non-Standard Model scalar interactions.

Demonstrated neutrino momentum measurements from beta-recoil coincidences.

Improved sensitivity to electric dipole moments and weak neutral current measurements.

Abstract

We review the use of laser cooling and trapping for Standard Model tests, focusing on trapping of radioactive isotopes. Experiments with neutral atoms trapped with modern laser cooling techniques are testing several basic predictions of electroweak unification. For nuclear $\beta$ decay, demonstrated trap techniques include neutrino momentum measurements from beta-recoil coincidences, along with methods to produce highly polarized samples. These techniques have set the best general constraints on non-Standard Model scalar interactions in the first generation of particles. They also have the promise to test whether parity symmetry is maximally violated, to search for tensor interactions, and to search for new sources of time reversal violation. There are also possibilites for exotic particle searches. Measurements of the strength of the weak neutral current can be assisted by precision atomic experiments using traps of small numbers of radioactive atoms, and sensitivity to possible time-reversal violating electric dipole moments can be improved.