Power Control in Two-Tier Femtocell Networks

TL;DR

This paper develops a fundamental relation for SINR limits in two-tier femtocell networks, proposes a distributed power control algorithm to improve femtocell SINRs, and demonstrates significant performance gains and interference mitigation.

Contribution

It introduces a link budget analysis and a utility-based SINR adaptation algorithm for femtocells, enhancing interference management in two-tier networks.

Findings

Over 30% improvement in femtocell SINRs with the proposed algorithm.

Ensures cellular SINR targets with minimal femtocell power reduction.

Effective interference mitigation with low network overhead.

Abstract

In a two tier cellular network -- comprised of a central macrocell underlaid with shorter range femtocell hotspots -- cross-tier interference limits overall capacity with universal frequency reuse. To quantify near-far effects with universal frequency reuse, this paper derives a fundamental relation providing the largest feasible cellular Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), given any set of feasible femtocell SINRs. We provide a link budget analysis which enables simple and accurate performance insights in a two-tier network. A distributed utility-based SINR adaptation at femtocells is proposed in order to alleviate cross-tier interference at the macrocell from cochannel femtocells. The Foschini-Miljanic (FM) algorithm is a special case of the adaptation. Each femtocell maximizes their individual utility consisting of a SINR based reward less an incurred cost (interference to the macrocell). Numerical results show greater than 30% improvement in mean femtocell SINRs relative to FM. In the event that cross-tier interference prevents a cellular user from obtaining its SINR target, an algorithm is proposed that reduces transmission powers of the strongest femtocell interferers. The algorithm ensures that a cellular user achieves its SINR target even with 100 femtocells/cell-site, and requires a worst case SINR reduction of only 16% at femtocells. These results motivate design of power control schemes requiring minimal network overhead in two-tier networks with shared spectrum.