Observation of an enhancement in $e^+e^- \to \Upsilon(1S)\pi^+ \pi^-$, $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+ \pi^-$, and $\Upsilon(3S)\pi^+ \pi^-$ production around $\sqrt{s}=10.89$ GeV at Belle

TL;DR

This study reports an unexpected enhancement in the production of certain bottomonium states in electron-positron collisions around 10.89 GeV, suggesting possible new resonance phenomena beyond the conventional $
0860$ state.

Contribution

The paper presents the first measurement of cross sections for $e^+e^- o
059$ states in this energy range, revealing an anomalous enhancement not explained by existing models.

Findings

Enhanced production observed in all three final states.

Resonance fit indicates a peak at approximately 10888 MeV/$c^2$.

Measured width of the resonance is about 30.7 MeV.

Abstract

We measure the production cross sections for $e^+e^- \to \Upsilon(1S)\pi^+\pi^-$, $\Upsilon(2S)\pi^+\pi^-$, and $\Upsilon(3S)\pi^+\pi^-$ as a function of $\sqrt{s}$ between 10.83 GeV and 11.02 GeV. The data consists of 8.1 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. We observe enhanced production in all three final states that does not conform well with the conventional $\Upsilon(10860)$ lineshape. A fit using a Breit-Wigner resonance shape yields a peak mass of $[10888.4^{+2.7}_{-2.6} ({\rm stat}) \pm1.2 ({\rm syst})]$ MeV/$c^2$ and a width of $[30.7_{-7.0}^{+8.3} ({\rm stat}) \pm3.1 ({\rm syst})]$ MeV/$c^2$.