An optimized H_\beta index for disentangling stellar population ages

TL;DR

The paper introduces a new optimized H_beta index, H_beta_o, designed to more accurately determine the ages of stellar populations by reducing degeneracies and accounting for various spectral effects.

Contribution

It presents a novel H_beta_o index optimized through stellar population models, improving age estimates over the standard H_beta Lick index.

Findings

H_beta_o effectively reduces age-metallicity degeneracy.

The index is robust against photon noise and velocity dispersion.

Application to globular clusters and galaxies demonstrates its practical utility.

Abstract

We have defined a new H_\beta absorption index definition, H$_{\beta_o}$, which has been optimized as an age indicator for old and intermediate age stellar populations. Rather than using stellar spectra, we employed for this purpose a library of stellar population SEDs of different ages and metallicities at moderately high spectral resolution. H$_{\beta_o}$ provides us with improved abilities for lifting the age-metallicity degeneracy affecting the standard Hbeta Lick index definition. The new index, which has also been optimized against photon noise and velocity dispersion, is fully characterized with wavelength shift, spectrum shape, dust extinction and [alpha/Fe] abundance ratio effects. H_\beta requires spectra of similar qualites as those commonly used for measuring the standard Hbeta Lick index definition. Aiming at illustrating the use and capabilities of H$_{\beta_o}$ as an age indicator we apply it to Milky Way globular clusters and to a well selected sample of early-type galaxies covering a wide range in mass. The results shown here are particularly useful for applying this index and understand the involved uncertainties.