Physical Properties of Very Powerful FRII Radio Galaxies

TL;DR

This study analyzes the ages, velocities, and physical properties of 31 powerful FRII radio galaxies across various redshifts, revealing constant beam power and decreasing ambient gas density with distance.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of a larger sample of FRII radio galaxies, extending previous studies and confirming key properties like beam power stability and environmental density trends.

Findings

Beam powers range from 10^44 to 10^46 erg/s and are constant over source lifetime.

Total source lifetimes are about 1 to 10 million years.

Ambient gas density decreases with core-hotspot distance, no redshift dependence.

Abstract

We estimate ages and physical properties of powerful radio galaxies. An analysis of new multi-wavelength VLA observations of eleven very powerful classical double (FRIIb) radio galaxies with redshifts between 0.4 and 1.3 is presented. We estimate ages and velocities for each side of each source. The eleven new sources are combined with previously studied samples and the characteristics of the full sample of 31 sources are studied; the full sample includes sources with redshifts between 0.056 and 1.79, and core-hot spot sizes of about 30 to 400 kpc. The velocities are independent of core-hotspot separation, suggesting the rate of growth of a given source is roughly constant over the source lifetime. We combine the rate of growth, width, and pressure of a source to study the beam power, lifetime, energy, and ambient gas density using standard methods previously applied to smaller samples. Typical beam powers are in the range from 1E44 to 1E46 erg/s; we show that this quantity is insensitive to assumptions regarding minimum energy conditions. The beam powers are independent of core-hotspot separation suggesting that the beam power of a given source is roughly constant over the source lifetime. Typical total source lifetimes are found to be about a few E6 to E7 years, and typical total outflow energies (E/c^2) are found to be about 5(E5 - E6) solar masses. Ambient gas densities are found to decrease with increasing core-hotspot distance, but have no redshift dependence. Overall, the results obtained with the sample of 31 sources studied here are consistent with those obtained earlier with smaller samples.