Electroweak Sphalerons with Spin and Charge

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that electroweak sphalerons can possess angular momentum and electric charge at finite weak mixing angles, potentially influencing baryon number violation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel class of sphaleron solutions with spin and charge, expanding understanding of their properties in the Weinberg-Salam theory.

Findings

Sphalerons can carry angular momentum proportional to electric charge.

Charged, spinning sphalerons may contribute to baryon number violation.

New solutions exist at finite weak mixing angles.

Abstract

We show that, at finite weak mixing angle the sphaleron solution of Weinberg-Salam theory can be endowed with angular momentum proportional to the electric charge. Carrying baryon number 1/2 these sphalerons with spin and charge may contribute to baryon number violating processes.