The Calculation of $f_\pi$ and $m_\pi$ at Finite Chemical Potential

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates how the pion decay constant and pion mass change with finite quark chemical potential using a specific model quark propagator, revealing threshold effects and sharp variations beyond certain chemical potential values.

Contribution

It provides an analytical analysis of $f_$ and $m_$ at finite chemical potential based on a model quark propagator, extending previous work with new threshold and numerical results.

Findings

$f_[]$ and $m_[]$ remain unchanged below a threshold $_0$.

Beyond $_0$, $f_[]$ sharply decreases, $m_[]$ sharply increases.

Threshold $_0$ coincides with the vanishing of quark-number density.

Abstract

Based on the previous work in [Y. Jiang, Y.M. Shi, H.T. Feng, W.M. Sun and H.S. Zong, Phys. Rev. C {\bf 78}, 025214 (2008)] on the quark-meson vertex and pion properties at finite quark chemical potential, we provide an analytical analysis of the weak decay constant of the pion ($f_\pi[\mu]$) and the pion mass ($m_\pi[\mu]$) at finite quark chemical potential using the model quark propagator proposed in [R. Alkofer, W. Detmold, C.S. Fischer and P. Maris, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 70}, 014014 (2004)]. It is found that when $\mu$ is below a threshold value $\mu_0$ (which equals $0.350 \mathrm{GeV}$, $0.377 \mathrm{GeV}$ and $0.341 \mathrm{GeV}$, for the $\mathrm{2CC}$, $\mathrm{1R1CC}$ and $\mathrm{3R}$ parametrizations of the model quark propagator, respectively.), $f_\pi[\mu]$ and $m_\pi[\mu]$ are kept unchanged from their vacuum values. The value of $\mu_0$ is intimately connected with the pole distribution of the model quark propagator and is found to coincide with the threshold value below which the quark-number density vanishes identically. Numerical calculations show that when $\mu$ becomes larger than $\mu_0$, $f_\pi[\mu]$ exhibits a sharp decrease whereas $m_\pi[\mu]$ exhibits a sharp increase. A comparison is given between the results obtained in this paper and those obtained in previous literatures.