Cosmology from Antarctica
Robert W. Wilson, Antony A. Stark

TL;DR
This paper reviews the development of CMB observations from Antarctica, highlighting key experiments and findings that support the flat universe model and the presence of dark energy and dark matter.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of Antarctic CMB observational efforts and their significant cosmological implications, including the detection of CMB polarization and universe geometry.
Findings
Evidence for a flat universe geometry
Detection of CMB polarization
Support for the dark energy and dark matter dominated cosmological model
Abstract
Observation of the CMB is central to observational cosmology, and the Antarctic Plateau is an exceptionally good site for this work. The first attempt at CMB observations from the Plateau was an expedition to the South Pole in December 1986 by the Radio Physics Research group at Bell Laboratories. Sky noise and opacity were measured. The results were sufficiently encouraging that in the Austral summer of 1988-1989, three CMB groups participated in the "Cucumber" campaign, where a temporary site dedicated to CMB anisotropy measurements was set up 2 km from South Pole Station. Winter-time observations became possible with the establishment in 1990 of the Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica (CARA), a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center. CARA developed year-round observing facilities in the "Dark Sector", a section of Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station…
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Taxonomy
TopicsHistory and Developments in Astronomy
