A Brownian Energy Depot Model of the Basilar Membrane Oscillation with a Braking Mechanism

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel energy depot model for basilar membrane oscillation that captures active amplification, protective mechanisms, and spontaneous oscillations, aligning with experimental observations.

Contribution

It presents a new model incorporating an energy depot and critical velocity to explain cochlear active and protective responses.

Findings

Thermal noise can induce spontaneous oscillations.

Model reproduces compressive nonlinear response.

Dynamic response matches experimental data.

Abstract

High auditory sensitivity, sharp frequency selectivity, and otoacoustic emissions are signatures of active amplification of the cochlea. The human ear can also detect very large amplitude sound without being damaged as long as the exposed time is not too long. The outer hair cells are believed as the best candidate for the active force generator of the mammalian cochlea. In this paper, we propose a new model for the basilar membrane oscillation which successfully describes both the active and the protective mechanisms by employing an energy depot concept and a critical velocity of the basilar membrane. One of the main results is that thermal noise in the absence of external stimulation can be amplified leading to the spontaneous basilar membrane oscillation. The compressive response of the basilar membrane at the characteristic frequency and the dynamic response to the stimulation are consistent with the experimental results as expected. Our model also shows the nonlinear distortion of the response of the basilar membrane.