A New Method for Estimating Dark Matter Halo Masses using Globular Cluster Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel method to estimate galaxy dark matter halo masses directly from globular cluster systems, providing a universal relation that links halo mass with other galaxy properties.

Contribution

The paper presents a new, type- and environment-independent method to estimate dark matter halo masses using globular clusters, enhancing understanding of galaxy formation.

Findings

Globular cluster systems correlate with dark matter halo masses.

Galaxy black hole mass and X-ray luminosity are proportional to halo mass.

Method is applicable across different galaxy types and environments.

Abstract

All galaxies are thought to reside within large halos of dark matter, whose properties can only be determined from indirect observations. The formation and assembly of galaxies is determined from the interplay between these dark matter halos and the baryonic matter they host. Although statistical relations can be used to approximate how massive a galaxy's halo is, very few individual galaxies have direct measurements of their halo masses. We present a method to directly estimate the total mass of a galaxy's dark halo using its system of globular clusters. The link between globular cluster systems and halo masses is independent of a galaxy's type and environment, in contrast to the relationship between galaxy halo and stellar masses. This trend is expected in models where globular clusters form in early, rare density peaks in the cold dark matter density field and the epoch of reionisation was roughly coeval throughout the Universe. We illustrate the general utility of this relation by demonstrating that a galaxy's supermassive black hole mass and global X-ray luminosity are directly proportional to their host dark halo masses, as inferred from our new method.