Enhanced Energy-Aware Feedback Scheduling of Embedded Control Systems

TL;DR

This paper proposes an enhanced energy-aware feedback scheduling scheme that combines feedback control with dynamic voltage scaling to adapt sampling periods based on control performance, significantly reducing energy consumption in embedded systems.

Contribution

It introduces a novel EEAFS scheme that integrates feedback scheduling with DVS, enabling adaptive sampling periods for improved energy efficiency without sacrificing control quality.

Findings

EEAFS outperforms pure DVS in energy savings.

EEAFS maintains control performance comparable to optimal DVS.

Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Abstract

Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) is one of the most effective techniques for reducing energy consumption in embedded and real-time systems. However, traditional DVS algorithms have inherent limitations on their capability in energy saving since they rarely take into account the actual application requirements and often exploit fixed timing constraints of real-time tasks. Taking advantage of application adaptation, an enhanced energy-aware feedback scheduling (EEAFS) scheme is proposed, which integrates feedback scheduling with DVS. To achieve further reduction in energy consumption over pure DVS while not jeopardizing the quality of control, the sampling period of each control loop is adapted to its actual control performance, thus exploring flexible timing constraints on control tasks. Extensive simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of EEAFS under different scenarios. Compared with the optimal pure DVS scheme, EEAFS saves much more energy while yielding comparable control performance.