Bow wave from ultra-intense electromagnetic pulses in plasmas
T. Zh. Esirkepov, Y. Kato, S. V. Bulanov

TL;DR
This paper introduces a novel effect where ultra-intense laser pulses in plasmas generate bow waves that cause large-scale electron density modulations, enhancing wake wave electric potentials.
Contribution
It reveals a new bow wave excitation mechanism by intense laser pulses in underdense plasma, leading to significant transverse electron density modulations.
Findings
Large-scale transverse electron density modulation observed.
Enhanced electric potential of wake waves due to bow wave effects.
Laser pulse spreading influences wake wave characteristics.
Abstract
We show a new effect of the bow wave excitation by an intense short laser pulse propagating in underdense plasma. Due to spreading of the laser pulse energy in transverse direction, the bow wave causes a large-scale transverse modulation of the electron density. This can significantly increase the electric potential of the wake wave since the wake wave is generated in the region much wider than the laser pulse waist.
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