Borcherds-Kac-Moody Symmetry of N=4 Dyons

TL;DR

This paper explores the symmetry structure of quarter-BPS dyons in certain heterotic string compactifications, revealing a Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebra for specific models and linking modular forms to algebraic identities.

Contribution

It identifies a Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebra underlying the dyon spectrum in N=1,2,3 models and connects modular forms to algebraic structures and wall-crossing phenomena.

Findings

Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebra identified for N=1,2,3 models

Siegel modular form satisfies Weyl denominator identity

Wall-crossing structure determined by the Weyl group

Abstract

We consider compactifications of heterotic string theory to four dimensions on CHL orbifolds of the type T^6 /Z_N with 16 supersymmetries. The exact partition functions of the quarter-BPS dyons in these models are given in terms of genus-two Siegel modular forms. Only the N=1,2,3 models satisfy a certain finiteness condition, and in these cases one can identify a Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebra underlying the symmetry structure of the dyon spectrum. We identify the real roots, and find that the corresponding Cartan matrices exhaust a known classification. We show that the Siegel modular form satisfies the Weyl denominator identity of the algebra, which enables the determination of all root multiplicities. Furthermore, the Weyl group determines the structure of wall-crossings and the attractor flows of the theory. For N> 4, no such interpretation appears to be possible.