Nonlinear properties of split-ring resonators

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nonlinear properties of split-ring resonators loaded with varactors, demonstrating power-dependent resonance tuning, bistability, hysteresis, and coupling effects through theoretical analysis and experiments.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the nonlinear behavior and tunability of split-ring resonators with varactors, including experimental validation.

Findings

Resonance frequency shifts with incident power

Observation of bistability and hysteresis effects

Coupling behavior between nonlinear SRRs

Abstract

In this letter, the properties of split-ring resonators (SRRs) loaded with high-Q capacitors and nonlinear varactors are theoretically analyzed and experimentally measured. We demonstrate that the resonance frequency $f_m$ of the nonlinear SRRs can be tuned by increasing the incident power. $f_m$ moves to lower and higher frequencies for the SRR loaded with one varactor and two back-to-back varactors, respectively. For high incident powers, we observe bistable tunable metamaterials and hysteresis effects. Moreover, the coupling between two nonlinear SRRs is also discussed.