DC four point resistance of a double barrier quantum pump

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the four-terminal resistance in a driven double barrier quantum structure matches that under stationary bias, indicating its universal resistive property regardless of the transport mechanism.

Contribution

It shows that the four-terminal resistance in a periodically driven quantum system is equivalent to that under stationary bias, beyond the adiabatic regime.

Findings

Four-terminal resistance equals stationary bias resistance.

Result holds beyond adiabatic regime.

Supports universality of four-terminal resistance as a sample property.

Abstract

We investigate the behavior of the dc voltage drop in a periodically driven double barrier structure (DBS) sensed by voltages probes that are weakly coupled to the system. We find that the four terminal resistance $R_{4t}$ measured with the probes located outside the DBS results identical to the resistance measured in the same structure under a stationary bias voltage difference between left and right reservoirs. This result, valid beyond the adiabatic pumping regime, can be taken as an indication of the universal character of $R_{4t}$ as a measure of the resistive properties of a sample, irrespectively of the mechanism used to induce the transport.