Rotating states for trapped bosons in an optical lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of rotating bosons in an optical lattice using the Hubbard model, identifying phase transitions, vortex lattice structures, and experimental signatures.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of vortex lattice transitions and symmetry changes in rotating bosonic systems within optical lattices, extending previous models.

Findings

Transitions from edge superfluids to vortex lattices with Mott cores

Observation of vortex lattice symmetry changes with lattice depth

Predictions for experimental detection of these phenomena

Abstract

Rotational states for trapped bosons in an optical lattice are studied in the framework of the Hubbard model. Critical frequencies are calculated and the main parameter regimes are identified. Transitions are observed from edge superfluids to vortex lattices with Mott insulating cores, and subsequently to lattices of interstitial vortices. The former transition coincides with the Mott transition. Changes in symmetry of the vortex lattices are observed as a function of lattice depth. Predictions for experimental signatures are presented.