First Results from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey

TL;DR

The Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) has identified over 350 optical transients, including supernovae, cataclysmic variables, and other phenomena, demonstrating the survey's effectiveness in real-time transient detection over a large sky area.

Contribution

This paper presents the first six months of CRTS results, showcasing a new public stream of real-time transient data and revealing a large, previously underrepresented population of supernovae and other transients.

Findings

Over 350 optical transients discovered in six months.

62 supernovae identified, many associated with faint host galaxies.

Discovery of white dwarf binary systems through eclipses.

Abstract

We report on the results from the first six months of the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS). In order to search for optical transients with timescales of minutes to years, the CRTS analyses data from the Catalina Sky Survey which repeatedly covers twenty six thousand of square degrees on the sky. The CRTS provides a public stream of transients that are bright enough to be followed up using small telescopes. Since the beginning of the survey, all CRTS transients have been made available to astronomers around the world in real-time using HTML tables, RSS feeds and VOEvents. As part of our public outreach program the detections are now also available in KML through Google Sky. The initial discoveries include over 350 unique optical transients rising more than two magnitudes from past measurements. Sixty two of these are classified as supernovae, based on light curves, prior deep imaging and spectroscopic data. Seventy seven are due to cataclysmic variables (only 13 previously known), while an additional 100 transients were too infrequently sampled to distinguish between faint CVs and SNe. The remaining optical transients include AGN, Blazars, high proper motions stars, highly variable stars (such as UV Ceti stars) and transients of an unknown nature. Our results suggest that there is a large population of SNe missed by many current supernova surveys because of selection biases. These objects appear to be associated with faint host galaxies. We also discuss the unexpected discovery of white dwarf binary systems through dramatic eclipses.