Geometrical and Physical Properties of Circumbinary Discs in Eccentric Stellar Binaries

TL;DR

This study investigates the geometrical properties of circumbinary discs in eccentric binary systems, providing bounds on stable orbit sizes and disc eccentricities based on binary parameters, aiding understanding of observed systems.

Contribution

It extends previous work by analyzing over 100 cases to determine stable circumbinary disc configurations and their dependence on binary eccentricity and mass ratio.

Findings

Stable circumbinary discs are nearly circular with eccentricity < 0.15.

Disc offset occurs in systems with unequal mass ratios.

Derived relations set lower bounds for the size of the central hole.

Abstract

In a previous work (Pichardo et al. 2005), we studied stable configurations for circumstellar discs in eccentric binary systems. We searched for "invariant loops": closed curves (analogous to stable periodic orbits in time-independent potentials) that change shape with the binary orbital phase, as test particles in them move under the influence of the binary potential. This approach allows us to identify stable configurations when pressure forces are unimportant, and dissipation acts only to prevent gas clouds from colliding with one another. We now extend this work to study the main geometrical properties of circumbinary discs. We have studied more than 100 cases with a range in eccentricity 0 .le. e .le. 0.9, and mass ratio 0.1 .le. q .le. 0.9. Although gas dynamics may impose further restrictions, our study sets lower stable bounds for the size of the central hole in a simple and computationally cheap way, with a relation that depends on the eccentricity and mass ratio of the central binary. We extend our previous studies and focus on an important component of these systems: circumbinary discs. The radii for stable orbits that can host gas in circumbinary discs are sharply constrained as a function of the binary's eccentricity. The circumbinary disc configurations are almost circular, with eccentricity e_d < 0.15, but if the mass ratio is unequal the disk is offset from the center of mass of the system. We compare our results with other models, and with observations of specific systems like GG Tauri A, UY Aurigae, HD 98800 B, and Fomalhaut, restricting the plausible parameters for the binary.