Practical cosmology and cosmological physics

TL;DR

This paper summarizes discussions from an international conference on practical cosmology, highlighting recent developments, challenges, and observational tests in modern cosmological physics over the past decade.

Contribution

It provides an overview of new research directions and unresolved problems in cosmology discussed during the 2008 conference, emphasizing practical and observational aspects.

Findings

Discussion of large scale structure and galaxy evolution

Analysis of cosmological effects in stellar systems

Evaluation of observational tests for cosmological models

Abstract

We present a summary of the International conference "Problems of practical cosmology", held at Russian Geographical Society, 23-27 June 2008, St.-Petersburg, Russia, where original reports were offered for discussion of new developments in modern cosmological physics, including the large scale structure of the Universe, the evolution of galaxies, cosmological effects in the local stellar systems, gravity physics for cosmology, cosmological models, and crucial observational tests of rival world models. The term "Practical Cosmology" was introduced by Allan Sandage in 1995 when he formulated "23 astronomical problems for the next three decades" at the conference on "Key Problems in Astronomy and Astrophysics" held at Canary Islands. Now when the first decade has passed, we can summarise the present situation in cosmological physics emphasizing interesting hot problems that have arisen during the last decade. Full texts of all reports are available at the website of the conference.