Emerging attractors and the transition from dissipative to conservative dynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates how the structure of basin boundaries and the number of attractors in dissipative dynamical systems change as they approach the Hamiltonian limit, revealing power-law growth and scale-dependent invariants.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of effective dynamical invariants in dissipative systems and characterizes the transition from dissipative to conservative dynamics near the Hamiltonian limit.

Findings

Number of periodic attractors grows as dissipation decreases, following a power law.

Effective invariants depend on phase space region and scale.

Structural changes in basin boundaries occur near the Hamiltonian limit.

Abstract

The topological structure of basin boundaries plays a fundamental role in the sensitivity to the initial conditions in chaotic dynamical systems. Herewith we present a study on the dynamics of dissipative systems close to the Hamiltonian limit, emphasising the increasing number of periodic attractors and on the structural changes in their basin boundaries as the dissipation approaches zero. We show numerically that a power law with nontrivial exponent describes the growth of the total number of periodic attractors as the damping is decreased. We also establish that for small scales the dynamics is governed by \emph{effective} dynamical invariants, whose measure depends not only on the region of the phase space, but also on the scale under consideration. Therefore, our results show that the concept of effective invariants is also relevant for dissipative systems.