Testing spooky action at a distance
D. Salart, A. Baas, C. Branciard, N. Gisin, and H. Zbinden

TL;DR
This paper reports a long-duration Bell test experiment over 18 km that sets stringent lower bounds on the speed of hypothetical faster-than-light influences suggested by quantum entanglement, challenging classical explanations.
Contribution
It provides the first continuous, long-duration experimental bounds on the speed of spooky action at a distance, using Earth's rotation to test all possible reference frames.
Findings
No violation of Bell inequalities observed, confirming quantum entanglement.
Lower bounds on the speed of hypothetical influences exceed the speed of light by at least four orders of magnitude.
Experimental setup constrains classical explanations for quantum correlations.
Abstract
In science, one observes correlations and invents theoretical models that describe them. In all sciences, besides quantum physics, all correlations are described by either of two mechanisms. Either a first event influences a second one by sending some information encoded in bosons or molecules or other physical carriers, depending on the particular science. Or the correlated events have some common causes in their common past. Interestingly, quantum physics predicts an entirely different kind of cause for some correlations, named entanglement. This new kind of cause reveals itself, e.g., in correlations that violate Bell inequalities (hence cannot be described by common causes) between space-like separated events (hence cannot be described by classical communication). Einstein branded it as spooky action at a distance. A real spooky action at a distance would require a faster than light…
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