Force and length-dependent catastrophe activities explain interphase microtubule organization in fission yeast

TL;DR

This study models how force and length-dependent catastrophe activities of microtubules explain their organization in fission yeast, highlighting the role of mechanical forces and intrinsic properties in cellular microtubule dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a quantitative model incorporating force and length-dependent catastrophe rates to explain microtubule organization in fission yeast.

Findings

Force-dependent catastrophe activity explains MT localization.

Length-dependent catastrophe rates are necessary for accurate modeling.

Microtubules and associated proteins can mark cell tips reliably.

Abstract

The cytoskeleton is essential for the maintenance of cell morphology in eukaryotes. In fission yeast for example, polarized growth sites are organized by actin whereas microtubules (MT) acting upstream control where growth occurs (La Carbona et al, 2006). Growth is limited to the cell poles when MTs undergo catastrophes there and not elsewhere on the cortex (Brunner and Nurse, 2000). Here we report that the modulation of MT dynamics by forces as observed in vitro (Dogterom and Yurke, 1997; Janson et al, 2003) can quantitatively explain the localization of MT catastro-phes in S. pombe. However, we found that it is necessary to add length-dependent catastrophe rates to make the model fully consistent with other measured traits of MTs. This result demonstrates the possibility that MTs together with associated proteins such as kinesins having a depolymerization activity can reliably mark the tips of the cell.