On the basic mechanism of Pixelized Photon Detectors

TL;DR

This paper presents a new simulation model for Pixelized Photon Detectors that includes avalanche processes, predicts dead-time, and introduces a waveform analysis method to distinguish neighboring pulses.

Contribution

The authors develop an improved simulation model incorporating avalanche processes and a waveform analysis technique for PPDs, advancing understanding of their internal mechanisms.

Findings

Successfully simulated avalanche multiplication and quenching.

Predicted the existence of dead-time in PPDs.

Developed a waveform analysis method to distinguish neighboring pulses.

Abstract

A Pixelized Photon Detector (PPD) is a generic name for the semiconductor devices operated in the Geiger-mode, such as Silicon PhotoMultiplier and Multi-Pixel Photon Counter, which has high photon counting capability. While the internal mechanisms of the PPD have been intensively studied in recent years, the existing models do not include the avalanche process. We have simulated the multiplication and quenching of the avalanche process and have succeeded in reproducing the output waveform of the PPD. Furthermore our model predicts the existence of dead-time in the PPD which has never been numerically predicted. For serching the dead-time, we also have developed waveform analysis method using deconvolution which has the potential to distinguish neibouring pulses precisely. In this paper, we discuss our improved model and waveform analysis method.