Hamiltonian statistical mechanics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel gradient flow framework for analyzing quantum Hamiltonians in statistical mechanics, preserving eigenvalues and enabling the derivation of equilibrium distributions and observable averages.

Contribution

It presents a new nonlinear double-bracket flow approach to study quantum Hamiltonians, maintaining eigenvalues and constructing statistical ensembles in Hamiltonian space.

Findings

Eigenvalues of Hamiltonians remain unchanged during flow.

The model approaches a canonical ensemble equilibrium.

Allows computation of quenched and annealed averages.

Abstract

A framework for statistical-mechanical analysis of quantum Hamiltonians is introduced. The approach is based upon a gradient flow equation in the space of Hamiltonians such that the eigenvectors of the initial Hamiltonian evolve toward those of the reference Hamiltonian. The nonlinear double-bracket equation governing the flow is such that the eigenvalues of the initial Hamiltonian remain unperturbed. The space of Hamiltonians is foliated by compact invariant subspaces, which permits the construction of statistical distributions over the Hamiltonians. In two dimensions, an explicit dynamical model is introduced, wherein the density function on the space of Hamiltonians approaches an equilibrium state characterised by the canonical ensemble. This is used to compute quenched and annealed averages of quantum observables.