Phantom Accretion by Black Holes and the Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates how phantom fluids with positive temperature and negative chemical potential can be accreted by black holes without violating the Generalized Second Law of thermodynamics, challenging previous assumptions about phantom fluids.

Contribution

It demonstrates that phantom fluids with positive temperature and negative chemical potential can be accreted by black holes while satisfying thermodynamic laws, clarifying conditions for phantom fluid entropy.

Findings

Accretion of phantom fluids with positive temperature is possible.

The conditions for positive phantom fluid entropy align with the Generalized Second Law.

Cosmological phantom fluids do not necessarily have negative temperatures.

Abstract

The accretion of a phantom fluid with non-zero chemical potential by black holes is discussed with basis on the Generalized Second Law of thermodynamics. For phantom fluids with positive temperature and negative chemical potential we demonstrate that the accretion process is possible, and that the condition guaranteeing the positiveness of the phantom fluid entropy coincides with the one required by Generalized Second Law. In particular, this result provides a complementary confirmation that cosmological phantom fluids do not need to have negative temperatures.